Critical Editions

The name Nestle is inseparable from the history of the Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece (NTG). Yet the longest-serving Nestle editor was not the edition’s founder, Eberhard Nestle, who edited the NTG from its first appearance in 1898 until his death in 1913. It was his son Erwin who took responsibility for the edition in 1914 […]

How much has the Editio Critica Maior moved toward the Byzantine text? The question received fresh attention at the 2026 CSNTM Text & Manuscript Conference, where Nelson Hsieh explored how often the ECM and the Tyndale House Greek New Testament move from the text of NA27 toward Byzantine readings. He framed the question memorably as one of

Kurt Aland is remembered today as a German scholar whose name is inseparable from Münster, the INTF, and the Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece (NTG). That connection now seems so firmly established that it is difficult to imagine the story unfolding any other way. Yet one of the more intriguing discoveries from my work on the history of

Eberhard Nestle, born in Stuttgart in 1851, is renowned as the creator of the Novum Testamentum Graece (NTG), first published in 1898, and known today as the Nestle-Aland edition. Nestle’s aim was to produce an affordable Greek New Testament with high print quality that reflected the best results of modern scholarship. This new edition would replace the

The Coherence-Based Genealogical Method, or CBGM, has become one of the most important and most frequently misunderstood developments in New Testament textual criticism in the last several decades. It is central to the editorial work of the Editio Critica Maior and, through the ECM, has had an increasingly significant impact on the Greek New Testament used by scholars, students, pastors, and translators around the world.

Back in 2018, I announced that the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) had awarded me a research grant to undertake the first comprehensive study of the history and development of the Novum Testamentum Graece (Nestle–Aland) editions—a project I had long been eager to pursue. In the following year, I had the opportunity to take over the role

Introducing the New UBS 6 Greek New Testament The sixth edition of the United Bible Societies’ Greek New Testament (UBS6), published in late 2025, introduces numerous significant changes, including a new order of books and the inclusion of previously “missing” verses in the main text with double brackets to show they are later additions. The